Where Would I Be Without Freedom

I walk upon the earth and marvel at the ability to let the grass cushion my wandering feet. What if my feet could not wander What if I were a slave to this rich soil, then where would I be Society may not be controlled, and it may wander aimlessly perhaps, but it wanders on its own course. I walk with society and against it, and I have the freedom to do this. I would not be able to write such an essay if I didnt have my freedom. It is this freedom that allows me to write an essay differently from other people and is what has taken many others and me as far along in our journey. Freedom is the grass that cushions my step, the softness that allows me to tread anywhere without the fear of persecution. Without this layer of protection I would not want to stray far from what I know. Without protection from the corrupt world, I would remain the same immature child who could not walk far from what I could not see. Light liberates darkness the same as freedom liberates slaves. Darkness is the absence of light just as slavery is merely the absence of freedom. Without the light of this freedom I would be in the shadow of darkness; confined to the barren ignorant lands that light never reaches. Grass ceases to grow and life as I know it would be useless dead. The fire that burns within the soul is fueled by the sun, fueled by the liberation and freedom which allows us to fill ourselves with worldly and unworldly beliefs. There is little faith behind a society who does not have the ability to choose its own unworldly beliefs. Being spoon-fed from birth by my Orthodox Baptist parents, I rode my own spirit into the arms of God and the ways of Christianity. Faith may guide many a man and his heart, but freedom guides the soul. No one knows the truth concerning God, religion, or existence, but the freedom to seek the truth ike I have has made me whole. Without freedom I would still place myself higher than everything else and perceive myself as my own master. This provincial nature that the world commercializes I once held, but it has been freed by the disuniting of my flesh and its influence upon my mind, soul, and heart. Freedom is too immense a concept to comprehend yet too narrow a word to define, but it drives me. Without it I become dark and meek as I look to the cold earth for heavenly answers. Freedom is there for anyone even slaves. The light needs but to be turned on and ignorance can do nothing but flee.

Comparison Of Costs Between Conventional Environmental Sciences Essay

What is Organic Home? The construct of Organic Home is repairing the solar energy may utilize to photovoltaics, inactive warming, daylighting, and H2O warming and besides repairing rain H2O reaping system, independent house sewerage system and recycle. However, people tend to transport a higher monetary value ticket with it. Some people will believe that installment and care cost for Green Building is more expensive. They do non understand that in a long term period the organic edifice will be more economic. Purpose This purpose is to compare the cost between the Conventional Home and Organic Home. Aim To place the benefit of Organic Home. To compare the installment cost stuff between the Conventional Home and Organic Home. To compare the care cost for long term period between the Conventional Home and Organic Home. Background In Malaysia, the chief beginning of electricity are from coal, hydroelectric and natural gas which contribute 27.01 billion ( kWh ) , 64.88 billion ( kWh ) and 22.22 billion ( kWh ) in 2009. Electric power ingestion in Malaysia which are 53.42 billion ( kWh ) in twelvemonth 2000 increased significantly to 99.25 billion ( kWh ) in twelvemonth 2010. In add-on, H2O usage per capita individual per twelvemonth which is 372,000 liters. As the conventional house, electricity is supplied by the local energy provider, Tenaga National Berhad ( TNB ) while the H2O services are provided by the local provider, Syabas ( Syarikat Bekalan Air Selangor ) . Besides that, the Indah Water supplies the service to clean out the infected armored combat vehicle and the Alam Flora supplies the service to roll up the trash.The construct of organic house is nil different with the normal conventional house ; the lone different is organic house ‘s services. The organic house ‘s services are independe nt, in other words, it means that the organic house can possess their day-to-day lives without the support of 2nd parties. First, the solar panel will replace the map of TNB to back up the electric which required in the whole organic house. Besides that, as the mean rainfall is about 2400mm in Malaysia, it is possible for the organic house to utilize the H2O reaping system and pumping groundwater as H2O supply to roll up H2O and storage it. The users can utilize the H2O for their day-to-day activity. On top of that, Septic armored combat vehicle, sewerage filter, filtrating basin, leach cavity, infected leach Fieldss and infiltrator chamber sewerage disposal systems will besides be installed at the belowground house to treat the sewerage system. Furthermore, the trash will either be separated into recycle portion or Organic fertiliser by composing the nutrient waste.By utilizing the construct of organic house, electricity and H2O ingestion will surely diminish. The refuse created be sides will cut down. However, the chief job of the organic house is the building cost, installment cost and care cost. Is that the costs of constructing an organic house are more expensive than conventional house? In future, will the care cost of organic house cheaper than conventional house? Therefore, this survey involves comparing between conventional houses and organic house that can analysis which type housing-conventional house or organic house will more economic. Scope of Study The intent of this research is to comparison the cost between the conventional place and organic place with the same unit by altering the services. From this research, research worker will place the organic place services, how much the installing cost and the care cost. The research worker has to entree the contractor to do a citation base on the installing cost and care cost. Based on this research, will specify either conventional place or organic place will be more economical to construct. MethodologyLiterature ReviewIn the beginning, literature reappraisal was conducted to find an overall thought of cost comparing between conventional place and organic place. The information and information will be collected from books, diaries, and the information from Internet. These stuffs will be used as background survey to understand about the subject. By holding all the information, it wills shows the critical way and leads to the research intent.InterviewInterview was conducted to understand the market demands and understand more about the system of repairing organic edifice. The mark of interview will be contractor and the provider.Get costing of services and stuffsWill place the entire cost of the services cost, stuffs cost, installment cost and care cost between the organic edifice and conventional edifice from the contractor and provider.Recommendation which are more economic between conventional place and organic placeThis research will be recommended in concluding subdiv ision for farther surveies. Undertaking Plan and Agenda Undertaking to be complete Calendar month Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Meet with supervisor and finalist a subject for research proposal Reading articles that related the subject and understand it Make the lineation proposal including background survey, purpose, nonsubjective and methodological analysis Make the Literature reappraisal Interview contractor and provider Comparative the citation Recommendation the research Prepare concluding bill of exchange Complete concluding bill of exchange Introduction Presents, looking around we are confronting the environmental job such as air pollution, H2O pollution and fuel pollution. It is the clip for us to lend something in order to continue our Earth. We should utilizing natural resource which could be regenerated alternatively of firing fossil fuels and utilizing natural lighting and works batch of trees. Organic place are constructions which are eco friendly, healthy efficient environmental edifice and efficient in salvaging resources. The parts non merely can be used right from the cellar till the building and besides deconstruction, they can be reused throughout the life rhythm of the edifice. Protect environment, and non utilizing industrial or manmade techniques, cause less or no pollution are the premier aim of these houses. In this building most of the stuffs used are fundamentally natural stuffs. Their designs are characterized by efficient direction of H2O resources, utilizing recycling of H2O techniques, beef uping of natural system, increased indoor environmental measure. When we plan to build a house we must believe of utilizing designs and stuffs which does non impact the milieus. In footings of short-run thought, organic environmentally friendly options will decidedly be higher than normal attacks. Although these edifice techniques cost from low to reasonably high monetary value in long tally they will decidedly be lesser if the advantages such as wellness job, environmental friendly benefits and many more are taken into history. They do non cognize that in long term period green component wage back is higher. Conventional Home The conventional place system is utilizing 2nd parties to back up their required. Conventional house electric supply is from Tenaga National Berhad ( TNB ) . The local provider for the H2O services is the Syabas ( Syarikat Bekalan Air Selangor ) . The service to clean out the infected armored combat vehicle is Indah Water and to roll up the trash is Alam Flora. While utilizing this all services, we need to pay the full public-service corporation measure in every month and besides polluted out environment. For Tenaga National Berhad ( TNB ) the monthly charge for domestic consumer will be RM 3.00. However, Indah Water has divide into four classs to pay the monthly measures. The low cost houses and authorities quarters in classs F, G, H, I for the monthly charge is RM 2.00. Other than this, houses in kampung, new small towns and Estates which are having either single infected armored combat vehicle or connected armored combat vehicle services will bear down RM3.00 per month. RM 6.00 wi ll bear down to premises and authorities quarters in classs A, B, C, D and E having Individual Septic Tank services and monthly RM8.00 will bear down to premises and authorities quarters in classs A, B, C, D, and E which are having the Connected Sewerage Services. By utilizing the all the system that provide by the authorities, we have to pay the public-service corporation measure in every month and besides cost expensive if entire up all the public-service corporation measure. Electric System Current development electricity coevals in Malaysia is governed by three public-service corporations which are Tenaga Nasional Berhad ( TNB ) in Peninsula Malaysia, Sabah Electricity Sdn Bhd ( SESB ) in the State of Sabah and Sarawak Electricity supply Corporation ( SESCO ) in the State of Sarawak. These 3s public-service corporations are operate independently of one another in their separate control and presently non interconnected. TNB has a control over the transmittal and supply of electricity in Peninsular Malaysia. TNB is responsible for electricity coevals supply in Peninsular Malaysia. In twelvemonth 2008, TNB has earned a singular repute as it is graded 100 for the â€Å" Power Company of the Year † in 2008 Platts Global Energy Awards among 250 rivals. SESB and SESCO are besides involved in the coevals, transmittal and supply electricity in the East of Malaysia. SESB was privatized on 1 September 1998 and aims to corroborate the dependability and security of the electricity supply system to consumers in Sabah and Labuan. SESCO is a State Statutory Body combined under the Sarawak Electricity Supply Corporation Ordinance, 1962 and is responsible for the coevals, transmittal and supply of electricity in Sarawak. Sarawak Enterprise Corporation Bhd bought over 45 % investing of the Corporation from Sarawak State Government. It will stay in its current position to supply for the coevals, transmittal, supply and usage of energy in the two provinces. ( Malaysia-ANNEX 4, 2000 ) Malaysia presently has about 11,800 MW of electric coevals capacity and in 1997 it generated around 54.5 billion kWh of electricity. Even though Malaysia ‘s economic downswing, projections indicate that Malaysia ‘s demand for electricity is expected to go on to turn. ( Malaysia-ANNEX 4, 2000 ) Water Supply System Water public-service corporations in Malaysia are managed by single province H2O governments, including the State Public Works Departments, State Water Supply Departments and State Water Boards. They are in charge of modulating H2O supply, care waterways and H2O flow, grapevine and drainage care. Syarikat Bekalan Air Selangor Sdn Bhd ( SYABAS ) was incorporated on 8 July 1996 under the Malaysia Companies Act, 1965 to set about the provatisation of H2O supply services in the Sate of Selangor and the Federal Territories of Kuala Lumpur and Putrajaya. SYSBAS is an entity specifically incorporated for usage as an execution vehicle in regard to the denationalization of the H2O supply and distribution system in Selangor and Federal Territories of Kuala Lumpur and Putrajaya. Garbage disposal system The largest solid waste direction company in Malaysia is Alam Flora Sdn Bhd which is functioning 6.1 million people over a entire country of 72, 388km2 in Malaysia. Alam Flora manages the Central and Eastern Regions of Malaysia covering the provinces of Selangor, Pahang, Terengganu, Kelantan, the Federal Territory of Kuala Lumpur and the Federal Territory of Putrajaya. Alam Flora divides its services into two types which are primary activities and back uping activities. The primary activities of Alam Flora are Domestic Waste Collection, Industrial, Commercial and Institutional ( ICI ) waste aggregation, Particular Waste Collection, Recycling and Material Recovery Facilities ( MRF ) and the direction of transportation station and landfills. Supporting activities of Alam Flora include instruction and outreach programmes with all of its stakeholders. Alam Flora provides the undermentioned services:Collection and CleansingAlam Flora provides waste aggregation and cleaning services. Waste aggregation and cleaning services are divided into two classs which are non-directly paid services and straight paid services. Local Governments are paid for the non-directly paid services nevertheless client will pay for the straight paid services. Non-directly paid services include aggregation of domestic waste from families, commercial countries and aggregation of route putting to death or animate being carcases in residential or commercial countries. These are the services which must be straight paid by the client to Alam Flora, such as aggregation of non-schedule industrial or commercial waste from the clients ‘ concern premises, aggregation of big waste, aggregation of building and redevelopment waste from private premises and petition by the client to roll up of pace and garden waste. Waste Disposal In Malaysia, landfilling is the lone authorize, widely used method for disposing of domestic and non-scheduled solid waste. Alam Flora presently manages 13 landfills sites which are 3 in Selangor and 10 sites in Pahang. Due to consequence on the environment and negative impacts on the landfill, domestic and municipal waste landfills merely can have certain of waste which are domestic waste, commercial waste, waste from drain and river cleaning, garden pace waste, carnal carcases, building waste, waste from route cleaning, waste from sludge intervention workss and any waste approved by the Department of Environment ( DOE ) . Waste Minimization To increase the recycling rate to 22 % by 2020, our 3Rs ( Reduce, Reuse and Recycle ) programmes are targeted at: betterment of Awareness Raising Activities under the National Recycling Programme ( NRP ) ( Dr. Theng Lee Chong, 2002 ) 3R activities in schools ( Dr. Theng Lee Chong, 2002 ) Formulation of Stakeholders ‘ Networking and Development of Partnership Activities on 3Rs ( Dr. Theng Lee Chong, 2002 ) Private concerns ( Alam Flora, 2007 ) Government and private establishments ( Alam Flora, 2007 ) Residents and Non Government Organisation ( Alam Flora, 2007 ) Recycling Recycling protect natural resources and cut down the sum of waste that goes into landfill, therefore extension the lifetime of bing landfills. For recycling, it is important for every family to admit what they generate day-to-day. By making so, they can put up their recycling ends and set up waste decrease. Besides that, every family should distinguish their wastes into reclaimable or non-recyclable and store the reclaimable consequently. After roll uping them, we should direct recyclables to the nearest recycling Centre. ( Alam Flora, 2007 ) Organic Home Building have a large impact on the environment, they consume 40 % of the universe energy and stuffs, 25 % of the wood harvested and 17 % of our water.The construct of Organic Home envision a new maneuver to salvage H2O, energy and material resources in the building and care of the edifices and can cut down or take the inauspicious impact of edifices on the environment and residents. By preferring Organic Home over a Conventional Home we retain nature to a maximal extent in three ways with mention to the location of the edifice. ( Malarthamil, June 5, 2009 ) Keep the external environment at the location of the edifice. Improve internal environment Conserve the environment at topographic points far off from the edifice. In this procedure concentrates on the design, building, operation and care stages and takes into history the batch design and development efficiency, energy and H2O effectivity, resource productiveness, indoor environmental quality, building-owner care and the edifice ‘s overall impact on the environment. â€Å" The solution of every job is contained within itself. Its program, signifier and character are determined by the nature of the site, the nature of the stuffs used, the nature of the system utilizing them, the nature of the life concerned and the intent of the edifice itself. † ( Frank Lloyd Wright, 1867-1959 ) Declaring organic architecture to be the modern ideal and the instruction so much needed if we are to see the whole of life and to now function the whole of life, keeping no ‘traditional ‘ indispensable to the great TRADITION. Nor care foring any preconceived from repairing upon us either past, present or future, but-instead-exalting the simple Torahs of common sense ( Frank Lloyd Wright, 1939 ) A edifice should turn from its site as nature grows such as from the interior out and shaped by the forces which surround it. The nature of the stuffs should be expressed throughout the edifice as inherent to their quality and ability. Flase or bogus stuffs made to mime others create false architecture. ( Frank Lloyd Wright, 1867-1959 ) Benefits of Organic Home The benefits of Organic Home are can salvage money because they protect the resources and better efficiency by: Maximizing energy direction and effectivity by optimising edifice orientation and incorporating natural daytime and airing ; Using natural installing Using engineering such as solar panels, fuel cells, and photovoltaics ; and Changeless H2O and cut downing run off utilizing solar H2O warming, water-conserving or water-recycling contraptions. ( Jason F. McLennan, 2004 ) Organic Home will cut down the environmental hit of the edifice industry by: Using stuffs that are selected based on their life-cycle environmental impacts ; Using renewable energy resources ; Using cut down, reuse, and recycle to stuffs in all phase of building and destruction ; Try to cut down in utilizing merchandises that will harm the environment during building. ( Jason F. McLennan, 2004 ) Solar Energy System Solar Energy is energy that comes from the Sun. But today, there are many type of solar energy engineering focused on doing usage of that energy and turning it into useable electricity or heat or for both. The solar energy system will be decidedly more favorable to us if it cost lesser comparison to the system use conventional fuels. Even so, because of the energy they provide is cleaner and free, they are now still attractive to the users. ( Joseph R. Provey, Everett M. Barber JR. , 2010 ) Malaysia receives more than 250 yearss of sunlight in a twelvemonth because this state locate in the equatorial part which is ideal for large-scale solar power installings. Harmonizing to the remark that made by the authorization ‘s director-general, there are up to six photovoltaic shapers are set abouting due diligence to put up installations in Malaysia. Solar energy is covered under EPP 10 of the oil, gas and energy NKEA. Solar power is expected to lend a lower limit of 1250 MW by 2020. That is a major rise over REPAP ‘s 65 MW mark by 2015, possibly bespeaking that the authorities expects a rush in investing in the latter half of the decennary. There are three most of import elements that conveying EPP 10 to the success which are up naming of human capital accomplishments in the sector, viz. a clear regulative model and development of equal concern theoretical accounts. In future, Malaysia will be able to do solar energy as an economically feasible solution for state and besides turn the coevals of solar energy by cut downing the cost of between 4 % and 10 % every twelvemonth with the leveraging from FiT. ( Malaysia- Oxford Business Group,2011 ) The benefit of put ining solar energy system is: No go oning monthly measure from public-service corporation company Solar energy will salvage money. Solar energy connect from photovoltaic ( PV ) solar panels is free. There is really expensive to buy and put in the solar energy, but after that is free for the user. ( Bernard J. Nebel, Richard T. Wright, 1993 ) Renewable energy beginning Solar energy is a renewable energy beginning. Sun wo n't run out. It can be continuously recycled and reuse.Non-renewable energy beginnings such as fossil fuels, oil they will run out in one twenty-four hours. ( Bernard J. Nebel, Richard T. Wright, 1993 ) Environmentally friendly Solar energy is an environmentally friendly, they does non foul the environment. The Sun act to clean the air and supply environmental stableness. ( Bernard J. Nebel, Richard T. Wright, 1993 ) Easy to keep Photovoltaic solar panels have a services life around 30 old ages. Largely the industry will hold the guarantees about 25 old ages. Merely necessitate to clean up the soil and grim that collect on the glazing of each panel. The solar panel can easy take unwanted stuffs by H2O. ( Bernard J. Nebel, Richard T. Wright, 1993 ) How it Works There are the ways that we use the Sun ‘s energy: Solar Cells that convert visible radiation straight into electricity In a cheery clime, will acquire power to run a 100W visible radiation bulb from merely one square meter of solar panel Use the Sun to heat the H2O in glass panels on the roof, solar H2O warming. Solar Energy Solar Water system work rule Figure 2.jpg Figure 2.1 ( eHow Contributor, 2012 ) Rainwater Harvesting system Reaping of rainwater is of import and is shiping the section of H2O resources. With the combination of ancient cognition, modern engineering, public and private investing and many more, it will still take a long clip for the people to reconstruct and consolidate the H2O harvest home patterns throughout the state. ( Madhaorao Bajirao Deshmukh, 11-12 Nov 2006 ) Rainwater harvest home is direct collect the rain H2O which can be recharged in to the land H2O to forestall autumn of land H2O degree or storing in H2O armored combat vehicle ( Dr, N. Balasubramanya, Nov 2006 ) . Rainwater reaping system are simple to put in, run and keep. If certain standards are fulfilled to do certain the gathered rainwater can provide adequate H2O to the consumers so the rainwater reaping system can be usage for both little and big graduated table edifice. However the harvested rainwater must be confirmed so that it is safe to utilize. Rainwater Harvesting system provides high quality H2O, cut down support on other H2O resources and cost effectual. Rainwater reaping system contain of six basic constituents which are catchment country, conveyance system, filter, cistern or storage armored combat vehicles and H2O intervention. Figure 2.1 below show the basic constituent: Figure 2.1 ( Fifie Haniezah Binti Hamdah,2010/2011 ) Benefits of Rainwater Harvesting: Rainwater is free ; the lone cost is merely for aggregation and usage. Using rainwater reaping system will salvage money on the public-service corporation measures. It make good usage of a valuable resource. Besides that, it will cut down the rate of occurance of implosion therapy, eroding and the flow to stormwater drains. Rain H2O is free from pollutants so it is good for irrigation and workss thrive. Difficult H2O will bring forth corrosion or graduated table nevertheless rain H2O wo n't. Using rainwater reaping system will besides assist to accomplish LEED Green Building Rating Credit. Care of rainwater harvesitng system The roof, troughs and armored combat vehicle should be cleaned before start to roll up the rainwater Let the first 2-3 rains flow out through the first flower system Merely hold to clean the armored combat vehicle one time a twelvemonth In every twelvemonth need to replace the filtering agents Keep clean and hygienic around the armored combat vehicle Every twelvemonth must use the white cement on the armored combat vehicle Preserve H2O and utilize it with cautiousness ( N Munal Meitei, 2011 ) figure 4.png -Will filtrating and purification the rain H2O until 5000 liter H2O armored combat vehicle so will straight pump into the house. Recycling System In Malaysia we produce 94,000 dozenss of rubbish per twenty-four hours or 34,310,000 dozenss per twelvemonth ( Dr. Mahathir Mohammad, December 2010 ) . Recycling in and around the place can be really easy. Paper, plastic, metal and glass can be recycled. Other so this, firniture, electronic equipment, constructing stuff and vehicles besides can be recycled. In our place we must do certain that have recycle bin and maintain it in an obvious topographic point so that wo n't bury to utilize it. Besides that, indoors kitchen besides have many points are reclaimable including plastic milk, H2O bottles, jams, flavoring bottles and etc. Recycling garden merchandises and seting trees besides can better the environment in our garden.Planting trees will assist to better the environment by cut downing planetary heating and supplying a place for animate beings. After cut downing the lawn, merely merely go forth the grass film editings at the garden. They will turn into foods and as a fertilizer in the dirt. Use kitchen waste such as works fixingss and leftover nutrient into procedure of composting in your garden to assist it turn. Recycling natural resources provides a batch of benefits to our environment. Therefore, recycling should be carry out by everyone in this planet. Preservation of environmental should be carried out by everyone, they should protect the valuable resources by halt utilizing risky or chemical waste merchandises and seek to extinguish all the non-bio degradable waste merchandises. Besides that, recycling besides can diminish landfill infinite. This is because reclaimable waste merchandises that occupied the land will be cleared. Hence, the environment will go cleansing agent and greener. This will do the universe to be a better topographic point for people to populate in. ( John F. Mongillo, Linda Zierdt- Varshaw, 2000 ) Other than that, there are still some others benefits from recycling. One of the benefits of recycling is supplying a cleansing agent and better environment for the following coevals childs to populate in. As recycling can supply a cleansing agent environment, it might convey us a healthier life. Recycling besides can assist in continuing our works and supply a good environment to populate in. For cases, recycle of paper, glass, bottle and plastic merchandises besides can assist in salvaging resources and energy. This is because those merchandises are made by natural resources such as tree or natural stuff. ( John F. Mongillo, Linda Zierdt- Varshaw, 2000 )A A A AComposting Waste System Composting biodegrades organic waste such as nutrient waste, paper, wood, leaves etc and turns it into organic fertiliser. Composting is a natural organic procedure, carried out under controlled aerophilic status. Bacterious and fungi which are assorted micro-organisms will interrupt down organic affair into simpler substances during the procedure. The environmental status such as O, size of microbic populations, humidness, temperature will impact the effectivesness of the composting procedure. Composting non a complicated procedure. Natural Composting go on on a uninterrupted footing in the natural environment. Organic affair is metabolized by micro-organisms and consumed by invertebrated. The resulting foods are return into fertilise to the dirt to back up works growing. Composting has the possible to manage most of the organic stuffs in waste signifier such as eating house waste, farm waste, oaoer oridycts etc and can be easy incorporated into any waste direction program. The composting can be carried out indoor or out-of-door environtment and easy to pull off ( Professor Rot, 2008 ) Advantage Disadvantage Reduces mass of waste Must managed the generates smells and leachate Stabulizes Waste Reduces Pathogens Produces a merchandise

Analytical Hierarchy Process Technology Process

Because people choose these three elements: importance, preference and likelihood to evaluate all the possible alternatives to a decision which sometimes is not consistent with every decision situation, the concept of Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) was developed by Dr. Thomas Saaty. Dr. Saaty described the AHP as a decision making approach based on the "innate human ability to make sound judgments about small problems" AHP transforms complex decision problems into simple decisions for both individuals and groups that employees the use of it to make decision. It is accommodative of intuition, compromise, and consensus structure without narrow-mindedness. The main purpose of this paper is to discuss what the AHP is and some other aspects of it. What is AHP? Saaty suggested AHP as a process that requires structuring the decision problem to demonstrate key elements and relationships that elicits judgments reflecting feelings or emotions, and whose judgments can be represented by meaningful numbers having ratio properties. In the AHP approach, complex decisions are organized and assessed against all possible alternatives using a hierarchy of multifaceted objectives allowing for a better, easier, and more efficient identification of selection criteria. How AHP works AHP is used to first decompose the decision problem into a hierarchy of easily comprehended sub-problems, each of which can be analyzed independently. The elements of the hierarchy can relate to any aspect of the decision problem tangible or intangible, estimated or carefully measured, well or poorly understood. Once that hierarchy is established, the decision maker systematically examines the various elements, comparing them to each other in pairs. In making the comparisons, the decision maker can use his/her judgments about the elements’ relative meaning and importance, or they can use well refined data about the elements. AHP converts the judgments to numerical values that are processed, evaluated and compared over the entire range of the decision problem. A numerical weight or priority vector is derived for each element of the hierarchy, allowing diverse and often incommensurable elements to be compared to one another in a rational and consistent way. This capability distinguishes AHP from other decision making techniques. At the end of the process, numerical priorities are derived for each of the decision alternatives. It is then a simple matter to pick the best alternative, or to rank them in order of relative preference.

Psychology Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 12

Psychology - Essay Example I begin to focus all of my attention on this tooth, wiggling it more and more. The tooth does not hurt when I wiggle it, but I am sure that if I can just work the tooth loose, I will be able to get relief from the oppressive feelings I am having. Finally, the tooth pulls free and I have an instant feeling of relief. I feel so good to have that loose tooth out of my head! But almost immediately, I feel as though I need to check again for another loose tooth so that I can increase my amount of relief. I have had this dream several times over the course of my life. Some times, I have followed this process to remove as many as three teeth from my head before the dream ends. I really am not sure about what to make of this dream. I think I have connected it to concerns about my personal safety. I have always had this dream when I have been living in dangerous neighborhoods or under dangerous circumstances. I think that part of me is concerned about my safety and so I need to do something extraordinary in order to ensure my safety. But why pulling my own teeth? How is that going to make me safer? I know that it is irrational, but my teeth are something I have great pride in. They are the one part of my body that is flawless. I have never had braces or a cavity. I don’t need to whiten or treat them in any way other than basic hygiene. I believe that my dream represents my willingness to do anything to stay safe when I am in difficult or dangerous circumstances. That includes making great personal sacrifices for my own safety and I hope, the safety of those that I love. This dream is a highly visual dream. I often only have dreams about feelings, but in this dream the colors were vivid. I am in a lush forest. The trees and grasses are all the deepest shades of green. It is not lush in a tropical sense, but more in a fairytale sense. There are bugs and all manner

Discuss about DNA related topic Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Discuss about DNA related topic - Essay Example DNA has come a long way since the time of the famous photo 51 of Rosalind Franklin until the three-dimensional model interpretation of Jim Watson and Francis Crick of the double helical structure of the DNA strand. Even the discovery of the DNA helix was of controversy itself as discussed in an interview of Lynn Osman Elkin conducted on March 26, 2003 posted at NOVA website regarding the confusion on who to take credit for the discovery, if double helix DNA should be more on Franklin’s account (Rosalind Franklins Legacy). Deoxyribonucleic acid is the hereditary material in humans and almost all other organisms. Most DNA is located in the cell nucleus. The information in DNA is stored as a code made up of four chemical bases: adenine (A), guanine (G), cytosine (C), and thymine (T). Human DNA consists of about 3 billion bases, and more than 99 percent of those bases are the same in all people. The order, or sequence, of these bases determines the information available for building and maintaining an organism, similar to the way in which letters of the alphabet appear in a certain order to form words and sentences (DNA interactive). Series of studies have proven the role of DNA as the gene carrier. Fred Griffith and his transforming principle experimented on mice by injecting strains of the S (smooth) and R (rough) form of the Pneumococcus bacteria. The experiment showed transformation of R from to its virulent form by somehow incorporating gene from the dead S form when mixed together. Furthermore Griffith’s experiment set out Oswald Avery and colleagues Colin Macleod and MacLyn McCarty to determine what the transforming agent was by the process of elimination ruling out DNA as the transforming material. Further experiment of Hershey and Chase proved that DNA, and not protein, is the one injected by virus into their host thus establishing DNA as the hereditary

Symbolism in The Glass Menagerie Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Symbolism in The Glass Menagerie - Essay Example For example, the glass menagerie, the urge of the protagonist to forget her sister, and the blowing out of the candles at the end of the play all employ a deeper layer of meaning. Williams employed the use of symbolism to introduce themes, characters, morals and values, and then to link them all together. Being a memory play, the glass menagerie allows not only for the director but also the reader of the play â€Å"to be presented with unusual freedom of convention† (Williams, ‘production notes, the Glass Menagerie’750). The nature and material of the play allow the employment of â€Å"unconventional techniques† like â€Å"expressionism† (Williams, ‘production notes, the Glass Menagerie’ 750). However, as Williams puts it, he does not allow for the plot to waver away from the truth, rather it is used only as a tool to bring the experience closer to â€Å"reality† (Williams, ‘production notes, the Glass Menagerie’ 750) . Since the play is based in memory, the use of such techniques makes it more realistic rather than unreal. Williams considered symbolism an important technique in play writing. According to him, â€Å"Art is made out of symbols the way your body is made out of vital tissues† (cited in Barnard 1). Symbolism acts as a binding force in the play and links all the characters, themes and environments together. Symbolism is such a vital part of the glass menagerie that critics, and even Williams himself, have often referred to it as an allegory (Barnard 7). The Glass Menagerie is considered a personal account from Williams’s life. The play is autobiographical in nature, with the characters of the play symbolising the true family of Williams and his experiences. Even the objects in the play, like the glass menagerie, belong to the real life of Williams (Barnard 6). For example, in the opening scene of the play Tom indicates that he is, â€Å"The opposite of a stage magician. He gives you illusion that has the appearance of truth. I give you truth in the pleasant disguise of illusion† (Williams, ‘the Glass Menagerie’). He points out that this is not an unrealistic story; rather, beneath the layers are found real characters, experiences, and relations. It is believed that when Williams’s sister Rose was treated with a prefrontal lobotomy for schizophrenia, which debilitated her for life, the experience resulted in the writing of this play (Bard 6). Rose and her memories are unarguably central to, and an inspiration of, many of Williams’s plays and characters (Southeastern). Amanda is symbolic of her mother, and the character Tom symbolizes Williams in actuality, as Tom is Williams’s legal name (Barnard 2). Williams and Tom both lived in a St. Louis apartment, and Tom, at the end of the play, becomes a wanderer like Williams (Barnard 3). However, some critics believe that Williams is represented in the play not by T om, but by the character of Laura (Bard 6). Due to his effeminacy during childhood, his father called Williams ‘Miss Nancy’ because he was like a little girl (Bard 6). According to Gross, Williams was very shy as a boy and did not like to socialize, causing him to be teased by his peers (cited in Bard 6). It can be assumed that Williams does identify himself with the character of

Globalisation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 1

Globalisation - Essay Example However, interrelations and dependence among the different economies of the world was present from the historical period but what appears to be new with the concept of globalization is the intensification of the awareness of people. Local transformations as well as extensions of social relations laterally through time and space are parts of the process of globalization. Thus, with globalization the society will be without borders and boundaries with no specified cultural territories. This often results in dominance of the developed countries of the world over the poor economies in their efforts of decision making which often leads to the exploitation of the dominant economy leading to their degradation of the environment and human rights suppression. Thus, the objectives of the global economists are to suppress the negative impacts of the globalization process so that the positivities of the phenomenon could dominate. (Globalization101, n.d.: Waters, 2001, pp. 2-4) Background of glob alization There have been constant debates among economist regarding whether globalization is a unique phenomenon of the recent modern period. However, history reveals that trade relations existed among economies from historical age. There were also cultural interactions among countries, and work relations as people migrated to different countries of the world for better living from the time immemorial. From the years before the First World War capital flows from one country to the other, trade relations between countries and immigration of workers existed. The change that ultimately occurred with globalization is the increase in the volume of unrestricted trade, doubling of the capital flows amongst economies and rise in the number of the migrants. For over the past twenty years the features of globalization also took a change of course. Globalization that was previously restricted to the developed economies of the world spread among the developing economies with the opening of the markets of these nations through liberalization. Thus, the economic relations among the nations underwent a huge change with the spread of globalization across the borders of the rich countries. With globalization, the trade pattern experienced considerable change. The developing economies of the world that previously exports raw materials to the developed world emerged as serious competitors of manufacturing products of the industrialized nations. Thus with the increasing trade relations the developing economies mainly India and China experienced continuous economic growth. With globalization and increased trade relations world production increased by about 30% which further increases international trade by almost 80%. This resulted in reducing the cost of production through specialization of products and thus helped in increasing the living standards of people. The increase in the trade of service sector implies that nations are becoming richer. With the advancement of technology and communication trade in services has been popularized in recent years. The developing countries that opened up market through policies like trade liberalization, deregulation of the capital markets and privatization of state owned industries experience huge capital inflows and stands as the emerging economies of t

How the Role of the Organizational Trainer Has Changed in the Last Ten Essay

How the Role of the Organizational Trainer Has Changed in the Last Ten Years - Essay Example hanging working practices and a highly competitive business environment has called upon most organizations to hire employees who can handle these (Stwart, et al, 2005, p. 357; Hodson and Sullivan, 2007, p. 221; Holman, 2005, p. 1; Verburg, 2005, p. 50). Some skills, structure of knowledge, and working practices have been termed as irrelevant. Due to the significance that change comes with, there is therefore a great need for organizational trainers to live up to the challenge of helping people to not only unlearn some of the redundant skills, but also to acquire and relearn new ones. This is part of what has made the role of the Human resource Development to change from training to development. Therefore, the role of an organizational trainer (Human Resource Development) has changed in a number of ways. First, there is a rising interest being developed among organizational trainers in labor aspects such as long-term unemployment, inadequate skills, and equivalent opportunities. Secon dly, they are faced with the task of raising awareness on the significance of training, and continue with spreading the concept that, in the long run, it is the development of the labor skills and the learning culture that an economy’s long-term competitive performance and its enterprises are based on. Thirdly, the trainer is preoccupied with the role of coming up with nation-wide training techniques that should be determined by people, investors and national competencies. Fourth, there is the establishment of corporate mechanisms that should be determined by core activities leading to the development of non-core services such as instruction and consultancy. Fifth, the trainer should take part in organizational restructuring that include decentralization, empowering senior operating... Apart from accepting their position in organizations, trainers had a strong belief in the value of their training and were eager to invest in it. A trainee’s evolving career depended on the trainer’s finite range of knowledge and skills backed by wide experience. The provision of this early training set a pace for long-term professionalism such that, once people were trained, they were expected to exercise the contents of the training throughout their career lifetime. There was no room for more investment in training. These conventional views have been overtaken by time due to the change that has come with the twenty-first century. This change has not only made most organizations to cope with it, but has also caused individuals to affirm the fact that with time, their training becomes obsolete. New technology, changing working practices and a highly competitive business environment has called upon most organizations to hire employees who can handle these (Stwart, et al, 2005, p. 357; Hodson and Sullivan, 2007, p. 221; Holman, 2005, p. 1; Verburg, 2005, p. 50). Some skills, structure of knowledge, and working practices have been termed as irrelevant. Due to the significance that change comes with, there is, therefore, a great need for organizational trainers to live up to the challenge of helping people to not only unlearn some of the redundant skills, but also to acquire and relearn new ones. This is part of what has made the role of the Human Resource Development to change from training to development.

Interview a local Customer Service provider Essay

Interview a local Customer Service provider - Essay Example ues that are raised by the customers including the difficult one in a manner that will leave the customer satisfied so that he or she does not cancel their contract with the company. 7. What is the best experience you have had providing customer service? The best experience that I have had in providing customer service to the clients of the company is definitely getting referrals from the customers that were served satisfactorily and enjoyed the services and products that are provided by the company. Such situations allow my colleagues and I to take ownership of each customer experience while cooperating to work as a team in order to make the delivery of the promises of the company while remaining friendly and helpful as well as thoughtful. 8. What is the worst experience you have had providing customer service? The worst experience I have had so far in dealing with dealing with the customers involve cases were the customers do not understand the terms of their contracts and end up thinking they are being ripped off or decide to withdraw their contracts altogether. In situations such as these, I try my best to explain the terms to the customer in a manner they can understand and regardless of their decisions after this, I assure them that the company will continue to keep their best interests at heart. 9. Have you been trained to deal with customers? If yes, how long was the training and what type of training did you receive? Yes, I have been trained to deal with customers so that I can provide better services that will make sure the customers are retained in the company. I was trained to be familiar with most of the assistive devices such as wheelchairs and listening devices among others which may be used by the clients with variable capabilities in order to make it easier for them to access the company’s goods and services. 10. If you have not been trained to deal with customers, do you feel that this type of training would help you to provide better

Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 21

Case Study Example The case describes a systematic problem because the organization has not yet developed any defined organizational culture that promotes better understanding of diverse value system in order to develop shared goals and strong teamwork. In international businesses, cultural understanding of host nation becomes hugely important factor that influences the work performance of individuals. Chinese business practices are very sensitive to behavioral pattern. It is intrinsically linked to socio-cultural value system that necessitates better understanding of cross-cultural value system and effective communication across workforce so that workplace conflicts could be resolved amicably. The conflict could have been avoided in the first place if the managerial leadership had promoted distinct culture of shared learning, common goals and collective decision making. To resolve present conflict, the leadership should acknowledge Li’s contribution to the firm and to the project. At the same time, Tang needs to emphasize the importance of shared goals and teamwork and his reasons for discontinuing the project. He should also seek Li’s input on why the project should be continued. If Li is able to successfully explain the validity of project he should be allowed to complete it provided he involves others and completes it as team rather than as an

Billing system Essay Example for Free

Billing system Essay The Information Flow Model (IFM) is used to understand the sources and destination of information flow, which is required to execute the business process as shown in Figure 3.5. In IFM, information or data generators and processors are brought together to explain the flow. This could be documents, e-mail, or voicemail. The contents of the flow could be text, images, or diagrams. The purpose of the flow is to take the process further to its logical conclusion. For example, a customer order is to be processed for delivery or to be rejected, and necessary data or information input has to be provided progressively in the process. IFM is generally a high-level model showing main flows, internal flows of information from sources, such as product catalogs, and manufacturing schedules. Customer profiles and accounting information are not shown. These are presumed to be present. In an information flow model, each processing stage is described as one of the following stage classes: 1. Data Supply Ââ€" where data suppliers forward information into the system. 2. Data Acquisition Ââ€" the stage that accepts data from external suppliers and injects it into the system. 3. Data Creation Ââ€" internal to the system, data may be generated and then forwarded to another processing stage. 4. Data Processing Ââ€" any stage that accepts input and generates output (as well as generating side effects). 5. Data Packaging Ââ€" any point at which information is collated, aggregated and summarized for reporting purposes. 6. Decision Making Ââ€" the point where human interaction is required. 7. Decision Implementation Ââ€" the stage where the decision made at a decision-making stage is executed, which may affect other processing stages or a data delivery stage. 8. Data Delivery Ââ€" the point where packaged information is delivered to a known data consumer. 9. Data Consumption Ââ€" as the data consumer is the ultimate user of processed information, the consumption stage is the exit stage of the system. Data moves between stages through directed information channels Ââ€" pipelines indicating the flow of information from one processing stage to another and the direction in which data flows. An information flow model is represented by the combination of the processing stages connected by directed information channels. Once the flow model has been constructed, names are assigned to each of the stages and channels. An information flow model can be used to identify the source of a data quality problem. The effects of a data quality problem might manifest themselves at different stages within an information flow, perhaps at different data consumption stages. However, what may appear to be multiple problems may all be related to a single point of failure that takes place earlier in the processing. By identifying a set of data-quality expectations and creating validation rules that can be imposed at the entry and exit of each processing stage, we can trace through the information flow model to the stage at which the data quality problem occurred. Fixing the problem at the source will have a beneficial effect across the board, as all subsequent manifestations should be eliminated!

The Yellow Wallpaper Essay Example for Free

The Yellow Wallpaper Essay â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper† is a short story that was written by American author Charlotte Perkins Gilman and was published in 1892. The story is narrated through the journal entries of a woman who is confined to her bedroom in order to cure her â€Å"slight hysterical tendency.† Although this treatment was well intended by her physician husband, due to her isolation and lack of mental stimulation the woman’s mental state steadily deteriorates until the end of the story when she goes completely insane. In order to better understand this story it is helpful to analyze it through the lenses of the seven schools of literary criticism which include, formalist, biographical, historical, reader-response, deconstructionist, psychological, and gender criticisms. From a formalist perspective, one of the most important things to note about this short story is how it is composed from the entries in the narrator’s secret journal, which she keeps hidden from her husband. The result of this diary-like construction makes the story seem almost autobiographical even though the narrator is a fictional character. Because of this, everything is relayed in a very personal way and gives an in depth view of the narrator and her feelings. The reader gets very little information about other characters and there is an intense focus on the narrator and the inner workings of her mind as her mental state steadily declines. While formalists argue that there is one true meaning that can be derived from the formal qualities of the text, deconstructionists argue that as time passes, the meanings of words change and thus the meaning of the text also changes. One word whose meaning has changed since the writing of this piece is â€Å"nervous.† The author seems to use this word as meaning an affliction or illness. Back in the nineteenth century, the word nervous seems most frequently attributed to women as if it is an unavoidable characteristic of the female nature. Today these same connotations do not exist and therefore a deconstructionist would argue that the meaning of this text has changed. In contrast with the deconstructionist style of criticism, which focuses on the text, biographical criticism focuses on the author of the piece and their experiences and motivations in order to understand a work of literature. The motivations behind the â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper† become strikingly clear when the author’s background is revealed. Charlotte Perkins Gilman wrote this piece in 1892, shortly after her own similar bout of mental illness. In her explanation of why she wrote â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper,† she explains that after being prescribed the rest cure, she â€Å"came so near the borderline of utter mental ruin that [she] could see over.† She also explains that much of her reason for writing this short story was to try to save people from the fate she narrowly escaped and the same fate that the narrator of â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper† ultimately fell victim to. Similar to the biographical method of criticism, gender criticism also focuses on the author’s background, specifically the aspects relating to his or her gender. The fact that Charlotte Perkins Gilman lived in the 19th century has a lot of impact on her writing. She lived in a time when society was primarily male dominated and women had few rights. Her experience with mental illness was also strongly affected by her gender. Similar to the narrator’s experiences, a male doctor prescribed Gilman the rest treatment, which ended up doing more harm than good. This was a time when women were stereotyped as fragile, weak, nervous, silly, and were generally not taken seriously. Doctors did not understand postpartum depression during this time period and believed that it was a â€Å"temporary nervous depression† or â€Å"a slight hysterical tendency† which they thought were simply characteristics of the female nature. The historical method of criticism focuses on the historical context of the story. As the previous paragraph discusses, this short story was written in the 19th century when postpartum depression was not understood and women had few rights. This is the historical backdrop of Gilman’s life and writing of â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper.† Gilman wrote this story at a time when the â€Å"rest cure† was a real medical treatment that was being applied to countless women, most of whom suffered from it. When this piece was first published many of Gilman’s contemporaries were shocked. One physician wrote that â€Å"such a story ought not to be written, it was enough to drive anyone mad to read it.† Similar to biographical and gender criticism, the psychological school of criticism focuses on the author, but also looks at the readers and the characters of the story. This method of criticism looks into psychology to unearth the meaning in the story. â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper† would be full of interest for psychological critics. Both the narrator and the writer suffered from severe postpartum depression, which in the case of the narrator, progressed into full-blown madness. The last of the schools of criticism is the reader-response criticism, which studies the readers because without the reader, a text has no meaning. Many modern readers, for example, probably feel sympathy for this narrator because they have a better understanding of the disease that she was suffering from. Readers who were alive when â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper† was first published would have probably had a much different reaction to this story. From Gilman’s piece on why she wrote the story, it is clear that her story did was not well received by many people due to its shocking and disturbing nature. I think that by far the most important school of literary criticism for interpreting â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper† would be the biographical method of criticism. So much of the short story was influenced by Gilman’s own experiences with the rest cure and mental illness that it is almost essential to know about her background in order to understand this piece. Historical criticism and gender criticism are also very important but I think the biographical method encapsulates all of them because when trying to understand the author one must inevitably factor in the influences of their gender and the time in which they lived and wrote.

The Serious Dangers Of Using Facebook English Language Essay

The Serious Dangers Of Using Facebook English Language Essay After reading countless of hubs that talk about the joys and features of using facebook. Some pointing out the ways on how you can market and network on there, while others talk about some of the interesting features like the games and stuff. Indeed, it seems Facebook has become the largest online social network in the world, even over its competitor Myspace that was originally the first online social network. However, Facebook has mastered Myspaces concept and turned into something more. Now, with a new film coming out called, Social Network, it seems Facebook is well on its way to becoming almost as big of a site as Google. However, with all good things, theres also a lot of dangers people arent aware of on Facebook that they need to know. Sure, other hubs will tell you about the joys and features Facebook promises but in this hub, youll find out the cons to using Facebook and what steps you can do to protect yourself online. http://s1.hubimg.com/u/3842068_f520.jpg http://s2.hubimg.com/u/3842081_f520.jpg FBI Wiretapping In light of the horrific events of 9/11, the government started wiretapping certain phone lines and internet networks to monitor certain people that might be involved in terrorist activities. Therefore, you shouldnt post anything on Facebook that might be deemed questionable, even if you were only saying it as a joke. Seriously, just joking around with people, on your public Facebook page, about a bomb OR saying how you wish you could blow up or physically hurt someone, can be used against you. As the FBI according to various sources on MSN and yahoo, claim that the FBI has several dummy accounts online, and Facebook is one of them. This brings me up to my next point, everyone you meet on Facebook, unless you met them face to face, not all of them are going to be who you claim they are. Therefore, if you admit to something illegal to a person you just met that same day on Facebook, then that person could put out a warrant for your arrest, as he/she might be an FBI agent spying on you. Thats right. FBI agents do have dummy accounts on Facebook so unless your absolutely sure the person your talking to is trustworthy, then its probably not a good idea to tell this person anything more than they need to know about you. Nor is it a good idea to use questionable humor even if you dont mean it like, hey lets go out and smoke some weed. Yeah, just pray the guy/girl your talking to isnt an FBI agent if you say that, as your so going to jail for even joking about something like that. http://s2.hubimg.com/u/3842129_f520.jpg http://s1.hubimg.com/u/3842132_f520.jpg http://s4.hubimg.com/u/3842135_f520.jpg Stalkers and Child Predators As I said earlier, not everyone online is who they say they are.   Thats why this is extremely important to remember.   As the film, Social Network, suggests, Facebook was originally designed for people to check up and keep in touch with their friends.   Although you dont necessarily have to limit the number of friends you have on Facebook to just the people you know in real life, but you can add anyone you might meet online as well.   Heck, some groups use Facebook to do online networking like indie bands or even hubpage users on hubpages.   This is why you should be careful of what you say online.   Sure, you can always resolve this issue easily by setting your profile from public to private when you adjust your settings.   This way only your friends that are on your Facebook page will see all your posts, and it might be best to only add people that you know in real life.   However, if you like to use Facebook for online networking for your hubs and other affiliated sites, then please be careful not to give away anything specific like your address, full name, or even where your going on vacation.    Trust me, according to various online reports, stalkers and child predators do monitor public Facebook pages so if you say something along the lines ofHey, me and my four year old son are going to go to the central park zoo, in Philadelphia at 3:00 p.m, then your just asking for trouble.   You might as well just say, Hey, any of you muggers, rapist, pedophiles and serial killers want us, then meet us at the central park zoo, in Philadelphia at three.   You see how that works?   Therefore, you should never give away anything specifically about yourself online that would allow a dangerous person to follow you.   Sure, if you want to keep your Facebook page public because your trying to promote your indie band, and you want to have complete coverage of your shows and tours for your fans, then thats fine.   Just dont give away anything too personal that would allow a stalker to follow you like what specific hotel you might be staying at on tour, or a mailing address.   If you must put an address to receive fan mail, then list an e-mail or a P.O. Box.   This way, you can still receive fan mail, without the dangers of people knowing where you live.   Ã‚      http://s4.hubimg.com/u/3895783_f520.jpg http://s1.hubimg.com/u/3895784_f520.jpg http://s2.hubimg.com/u/3895785_f520.jpg Burglars and Robberies This brings me to my next point, robberies. Its no secret that burglars will often scout neighborhoods for which homes have the most money, as well as the ones that are the safest to rob. In fact, most burglars will never rob a house that has a big dog protecting it or if they know theres a strong possibility of getting caught, as burglars dont want to risk getting hurt. This is just another reason why you should never put your full address or name on Facebook, as it only makes it easier for burgulars to find out where you live and monitor your house frequently, to figure out the best times to rob you. Of course, it doesnt help when you type down your schedule on social networks like Hey Al, Im going to be leaving out of town tomorrow on business. I wont be back for about a week, so Ill call you later when I get back. Well, thats just asking for even more trouble right there. As you might as well say something like, Hey, any of you want to rob my house while Im gone, then feel free to, as Ill be gone for a whole week. You get the picture? Hence, you should never leave your schedule on Facebook, nor your full name and address, as thats just asking for trouble. Then again, as I said before, you can always set your Facebook account to private to avoid the issue entirely but if you like having a public profile for networking your business or hubs, then it might be best not to disclose your schedule on Facebook. However, since I know many people use Facebook to promote their charity events and/or indie bands, and may need to put up schedules to organize their events. Or in the case of indie bands, theyll probably want to give their fans places where to catch some of their concerts, which is understandable. The only advice I can give you if thats the case, then just dont put down your home address or full name. This way, you can still give your fans and audience what they want and need to see you, without compromising your safety or valuables. http://s1.hubimg.com/u/3842160_f520.jpg http://s4.hubimg.com/u/3842163_f520.jpg http://s3.hubimg.com/u/3842198_f520.jpg http://s4.hubimg.com/u/3914415_f520.jpg Dont Say Or Post Anything That Could Be Used Against You On Facebook Have you ever read the funny posts people put up on their Facebook pages? You know the ones that say things like, Im calling in sick because I just dont feel like it, so Im going to go smoke some pot, or something like, I hate my freaking job, and my boss is damn moron that I wish he would drop dead. You know the ones Im talking about, right? Well, regardless of how you feel about your job, the reality is we all work out of necessity or most of us anyway. Therefore, you should never say or post anything on Facebook that could incriminate you in anyway. As employers often use Facebook to determine which employees to fire and who to hire. Yes, employers do use Facebook to check up on their employees, according to various online reports on yahoo. Like there was one report of a woman getting canned from a restaurant just for complaining about customers, and another one about how an emergency dispatcher was fired for posting drug use on Facebook. Click on here if you want to read more about it. Sure, I know theres probably a lot of people who called in sick in the past that werent really sick (you know who you are), but they called in due to an emergency or they were just fatigued. Thats understandable. However, if your employer reads that, then it could constitute grounds for you to get fired or get into serious trouble. Its essentially the equivalent if you called in sick to see a movie with your boyfriend/girlfriend, and your boss saw you that same day you called in. What do you think would happen if he caught you? Well its basically the same thing if you post it online publicly. Of course like the last topic, you could always set your profile to private and avoid this issue. This way if you do put some posts similar to the ones I just gave you, then nobody will see it except for your friends and your boss will never have to know. Unless, theyre already on your friends list, then your probably screwed if you do. However, if theyre not, theres nothing obligating you to add them. If they send you a friend request, you can always decline it, and legally they cant hold it against you at all. After all, your free to add anyone you like on Facebook as your friend, and theres nothing in a job description that requires you to be friends with your employer online. If your employer asks why, you can always say because you like to keep your relationships at work professional. You may not like your job and hate your boss but unless you have a private profile on Facebook, then its best to keep your mouth shut online about that. After all, you wouldnt want to give your boss any leverage to use to fire you if your not already in hot water with him/her as it is. Secondly, if your involved in illegal activities like illegal use of drugs, illegal immigration or whatever (NOT THAT I CONDONE SUCH ACTIONS, AS I DONT SUPPORT ILLEGAL ACTIVITIES), then the worst thing you can do is post it on Facebook. Not only can your boss legally fire you for posting that online, but he can also report you to the local authorities over it. However, if you like to use Facebook for a lot of online networking for your hubs, indie bands, or sites that you put up, then just be mindful of what you say. AND, make sure your friends dont post anything that could be incriminating either. As anything they post like, Hey, your right, your boss is a douche and thanks for calling in sick so we could go pick up some girls/guys, can AND will be used against you if your employer reads it. Hence, make sure your friends understand this as well if you have a public profile not to post anything you dont want to be used against you. After all, anything you say about your boss or company that you work for can and will be used against you by your employer. Dont think because its Facebook and that your talking to your friends on there, that your entitled to say what you want. Besides, if your profile is public, everyone can see everything you type too along with your friends. Therefore, you need to be very careful about what you post on your p ublic profile and if you must talk to one of your Facebook friends, then its often best to do so using the instant messenger Facebook provides. Normally, on the bottom right corner of your Facebook screen, after youve logged in, you can click on the chat icon. Once you click it, itll show you which of your friends are online, then you can click on the name of your friend that you wish to talk to. Once you do that, everything you and this friend say to each other will not show up on Facebook, and youll be able to talk privately. http://s2.hubimg.com/u/3842181_f520.jpg http://s3.hubimg.com/u/3842182_f520.jpg Hackers Do I really need to elaborate on this?   Look, its no secret that we all forget our passwords to various sites.   It happens.   However, you should never leave like a clue on your profile that any hacker could figure out.   Again, if you choose to have a public profile (as private ones wont have this issue), then no matter how clever you think your little password hint is, its never a good idea to have it on your public profile.   Even if you dont even say its part of your password, and your password is some answer to a riddle you put up on your profile.   Chances are, a hacker will try to figure it out.   Leaving a password clue on your profile, no matter how cleverly hidden, will still give a hacker ample room to try to hack into your account.   Once they do, we could be looking at not only the issue of your account getting hacked, but its a good way to have your identity stolen online.   Therefore, if you must have a password hint written somewhere, then write it on a piece of paper and put it somewhere safe.   Or you can do what I do, just make it an easy to remember password that only YOU would know or even remember that you use frequently. http://s1.hubimg.com/u/3842216_f520.jpg Final Thoughts Look, I hope this hub doesnt discourage folks from using Facebook, as it can a be wonderful site.   Seriously, its not only a great way to make new friends, but its also a great place to keep in touch with old ones.   Heck, you can even use it to build up your social networking to promote your business or hubs on there.   However, it also has its flaws and can potentially hurt you if your not careful.   Thats why you should never post anything too personal on Facebook that could potentially get you hurt either financially or physically.   Sure, we may all hate bosses sometimes, but you should never publicly say anything on a website where it could cost you; your job.   Or anything that could lead a predator to find you and your child.   Trust me, Facebook is an easy tool that can be used against you if your not careful with it.   Its like Uncle Ben said when Spider-Man made his debut in Marvel Comics: With great power, comes great responsibility.

Bestowed Existence :: essays research papers

<a href="http://www.geocities.com/vaksam/">Sam Vaknin's Psychology, Philosophy, Economics and Foreign Affairs Web Sites Knives and forks are objects external to us. They have an objective - or at least an intersubjective - existence. Presumably, they will be there even if no one watches or uses them ever again. We can safely call them "Objective Entities". Our emotions and thoughts can be communicated - but they are NOT the communication itself or its contents. They are "Subjective Entities", internal, dependent upon the existence of one observer - us. But what about numbers? The number one, for instance, has no objective, observer-independent status. I am not referring to the number one as adjective, as in "one apple". I am referring to it as a stand-alone entity. As an entity it seems to stand alone in some way (it's out there) - and be subjective in other ways (dependent upon observers). Numbers belong to a third category: "Bestowed Entities". These are entities whose existence is bestowed upon them by social agreement between conscious agents. But this definition is so wide and all encompassing that it might be considered useless. Religion and money are two examples of entities which owe their existence to a social agreement between conscious entities - yet they don't strike us as universal and out there (objective) as numbers do. Indeed, this distinction is pertinent and our definition should be refined accordingly. We must distinguish "Social Entities" (like money or religion) from "Bestowed Entities". The latter - in stark contrast to the former - are not universal, they re dependent on the society, culture and period that gave them birth. Not so with numbers. Numbers are Platonic ideas which come into existence through an act of conscious agreement between ALL the agents capable of reaching such an agreement. While conscious agents can argue about the value of money (read, about its existence) and about the existence of God - no rational, conscious agent can have an argument regarding the number one. Apparently, the bestowed entity category seems to free itself from the eternal dichotomy of internal versus external. It is both and comfortably so. But this is only an illusion. The dichotomy does persist. The bestowed entity is internal to the group of consenting conscious-rational agents - but it is external to any single agent (individual). In other words, a group of rational conscious agents is certain to bestow existence on the number one.

Hardys Tess of the dUrbervilles - Existentialist Failure to Create an

Tess of the d'Urbervilles - Existentialist Failure to Create and Preserve Meaning      Ã‚  Ã‚   When wilt thou awake, O Mother, wake and see†¹ As one who, held in trance, has laboured long By vacant rote and prepossession strong†¹ The coils that thou hast wrought unwittingly; Wherein have place, unrealized by thee, Fair growths, foul cankers, right enmeshed with wrong, Strange orchestras of victim-shriek and song, And curious blends of ache and ecstasy?†¹ (Hardy, "The Sleep-Worker")    Inherent in the ruthless progress of society, there paradoxically lies a growing moral deterioration. In Tess of the d'Urbervilles, Thomas Hardy "faithfully present[s]" Tess as a paragon of virtue, utilizing her as an instrument of criticism against a society too debauched to sustain the existence "of its finest individuals" (Wickens 104). Unwilling to compromise her strict adherence to personal morals, Tess suffers immensely; her ultimate inability to exist on this "blighted" (21) star exposes the regression of a hypocritically sanctimonious society, whose degraded values catalyze her destruction.    Innocently unaware of "cruel Nature's law[,]" (115) Tess is violated by the response which her sexuality arouses in Alec. Yet, although it is nature which induces Tess to lose her virginity, it is society which renders this loss a sin. Tess's change from "a mere vessel of emotion untinctured by experience" (8) to one stained by a "corporeal blight" (98) elicits a severe social condemnation. Ironically, in its attempt to deny the natural instincts of mankind, social selection takes on the characteristic ethical absence of natural selection, "ensuring that the social relations among people will... ...Hardy, "The Darkling Thrush")    Works Cited Beer, Gillian. "Finding a Scale for the Human." Tess of the d'Urbervilles. Ed. Scott Elledge. New York: W. W. Norton & Company, Inc., 1991. Hardy, Thomas. Tess of the d'Urbervilles. Ed. Scott Elledge. New York: W. W. Norton & Company, Inc., 1991. Hardy, Thomas. "The Sleep-Worker." Tess of the d'Urbervilles. Ed. Scott Elledge. New York: W. W. Norton & Company, Inc., 1991. Hazen, James. "The Tragedy of Tess Durbeyfield." Howe, Irving. "At the Center of Hardy's Achievement." Tess of the d'Urbervilles. Ed. Scott Elledge. New York: W. W. Norton & Company, Inc., 1991. Hyman, Virginia R. "The Evolution of Tess." Ethical Perspectives in the Novels of Thomas Hardy. Wickens, G. Glen. "Hardy and the Mythographers: The Myth of Demeter and Persephone in Tess of the d'Urbervilles."   

Essay --

Love and Romance in Othello, Romeo and Juliet and Antony and Cleopatra William Shakespeare, the most famous of all English writers, has written many works. One such work is Much Ado about nothing, a comedy that includes humor, love, and deceit. Several incidents in the life of the author influenced him to write this play in the fashion that he did. These events come from his life and the point in history in which he lived, thus producing Much Ado About nothing. Shakespeare's misfortune in love is shown in Much Ado about Nothing when it is said, "Speak low if you speak love." (Shakespeare). Contrary to this, the positive side of love is apparent: "Friendship is constant in all other things Save in the office and affairs of love: Therefore all hearts in love use their own tongues; Let every eye negotiate itself And trust no agent." (Shakespeare) So let it be known, Shakespeare obviously learned a great deal about love throughout the course of his life. He learned not only the good, but also the bad, and in this, love plays a major role in Much Ado about Nothing. (Alexander, Peter. Shakespeare. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1964.) Another element used in Much Ado about nothing is deceit. This deceit involves a conflict between two brothers in which one wants to keep the other unhappy and unwed. This conflict is present as it is said, "There's a skirmish of wit between them." (Shakespeare). Shakespeare, in his life, had some deceitful things forced upon him where he was cheated out of something. He was forced out of school at an early age of fifteen to help his father financially. Furthermore, he was forced into marrying women that were eight years older than him because she was three months pregnant. In result ... ...iscovery and claiming of "new heaven, new earth," the couple links private emotions to affairs of state. Love, in other words, becomes an extension of politics, with the annexing of another's heart analogous to the conquering of a foreign land. (Rackin, Phillis. 1978) Shakespeare's life has very much to do with the style of his writing as his stories are from his past experiences. Shakespeare had a life that involved both the good and bad aspects of love. He was married for a short while, however, the marriage was suspected to be an unhappy one because he spent much of his later life away from his family. References Bloom, Nasold. Modern critical views. William Shakespeare the Love Stories.1985 Rackin, Phillis. Shakespeare's Love stories. 1978 Oxford school Shakespeare. Romeo and Juliet. 1982 Alexander, Peter. Shakespeare. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1964

Physics Lab Safety Booklet Example Essay

Why Is Laboratory Safety Important? Lab Safety is important because a safe work space, is a productive work space. When everyone follows all rules and regulations the assignment will get done and no one will be hurt. Some of the chemicals and substances can be harmful if used incorrectly, so there all certain ways we protect ourselves. Lab Safety Symbols This is the fire symbol, it means something is flammable. So keep it away from flames or it will catch on fire. This symbol is for toxic or poisonous chemicals. Safety procedures are to protect you and others also in the lab. Safety Symbols continued The symbol below means that a chemical or substance is corrosive, which means that is can cause visible disintegration of human tissue or any other substances or materials it may come in contact with. These two symbols mean that a substance or a chemical have dangerous fumes. Those fumes will harm you if inhaled. These three symbols are the different types of radioactive symbols you might see. Radioactive waste can harm both humans and the environment, so handle with care. Lab Safety Equipment These are goggles, they are use to protect the eyes. Gloves (below) are used to protect the hands. ï ¿ ¼Safety Equipment cont. This is a lab apron. It is used to protect the clothing from spills, chemicals or substances that might go through the clothes and damage skin. ï ¿ ¼ Measuring Instruments This is a triple beam balance. It measures mass in grams. This is a graduated cylinder, it measures volume in milliliters. This is a ruler, it measures length in both centimeters and inches. ï ¿ ¼Safety Rules This is a fire blanket, it is used when a persons hair or article of clothing catches fire. This is a safety shower with an eye wash station built in. If you ever get anything in your eyes, go swiftly over to the eye wash station , turn in on and hold open your eyelids and let keep using it for 15 to 20 minutes.

A Raisin in the Sun Textual Analysis (2008)

The film ‘A Raisin in the Sun’ (2008) is the hybridity genre of comedy and a realist drama. Its setting is a small apartment in Chicago, in the 1950s at times of racism segregation and also segregation towards women. The situation is that the protagonist is the film wants to be rich. The target audience for this film would be from the age of 18+ as I feel it is directed more to the older people in society although the film is a PG. Its demographic audience would be some one of the B-C2 range. ‘A Raisin in the Sun Todorov’s narrative structure starts with equilibrium as even though the family is poor they are still happy even though they are struggling. Also as they receive the life insurance from Lena’s late husband. It moves on to disruption of equilibrium as when Lena gives Walter the money he loses it in his business. The disequilibrium continues as Ruth, Walters wife falls pregnant and is scared to tell Walter. The reinstatement of equilibrium is when Lena buys the house and they are all able to move in and are finally happy. The codes and convections that show the poorness of the family were there dress codes. There all wore cloths that would be worn by someone of a lower class as they were dirty and you could see that they were sewn back up in places. If they were of the richer class they would wear expensive suits and dress. They lived in a small apartment where there son had to sleep on the sofa, Beneatha and Lena had to share a room, this connotates that the family are struggling and there not enough room for everyone in the small apartment. They had to wake up early in the morning just to have a bath in time for work. All these add up to the fact that the segregation in those times was bad, and black people had to struggle to survive, and be persistent to be able to find their way through life. A Subversion of gender comes in three times; Firstly Walter ridicules Beneatha for wanting to be a doctor. In the 1950s women tended to be nurses not doctors as they felt men were much more capable and smarter this. But Beneatha had the persistence and had family should of supported her. The second time is when Lena Younger chooses to give Walter the money instead of Beneatha who needed it more for her education, just because Walter was ‘the man of the house’ by Lena’s gesture codes you can connotate that she didn’t really want to give him the money but felt she had to just to please him.. The third time was when Beneatha began to say that she doesn’t believe in God, which earned her a slap across the face from her mother. The director increases the diegetic sound of the slap to emphasize on the importance of it. Also bringing in a close up on Beneatha’s face to show her reaction. Her reaction dennotates shock however connotates the fact that she’s hurt that her mum would ever do something like that to her.

The Existence of Pathos in Dante’s Inferno

Madeleine Calhoun First Year Seminar Professor Scheible 11/24/12 The Existence of Pathos in Dante’s Inferno The strength of emotions drives many unjustifiable actions of humanity. The human race is subjected to feelings of pity and compassion. Yet, when did we obtain these potentially harmful yet also helpful feelings? Why do we have these uncontrollable emotions? And what can these feelings possibly contribute to an individual, or a society? There is much contemplation about the roles that pity and co.uk/on-compassion-summary-and-response/">compassion, as well as other feelings play into life.Emotions are the basis of all interaction and relationship; they enable a certain level of trust throughout literature, which can also perceptibly be applicable in everyday existence. Dante’s Inferno, is an epic piece of literature that contains exemplary instances of the use of pity and compassion. Pity is the ability to sympathize for one’s situation, being able to look d own with reason and an equal understanding. Compassion is affection, and care that is distributed and usually reciprocated in a relationship.These emotions are used to create a foundation relationship and a basis of trust throughout the text between the characters, and the reader. These most basic human emotions, pity and compassion, are fundamental to a true human experience. They build a level of trust between Dante, the writer, and his reader. A necessity in all of literature is to establish a balance of trust between the narrator and the reader. Without this relationship, the reader will become disinterested, and it will be more difficult for him or her to make the vital connections with the characters.Just as Calhoun 2 Virgil guides Dante through hell; the poet guides the reader through the work of literature. According to Professor Joseph Luzzi at Bard College, Dante addressed the reader 20 times throughout the poem (Poetry and Knowledge in Inferno: Dante’s World Wide W eb). This aids in the establishment of participation, and creates a more intimate and interactive relationship with the reader. The ability to have a protagonist with these human feelings of compassion develops a more believable plotline and affirms the easily accessible bond with the reader.Dante accomplished this by creating a relatable main character, himself, who feels the same average emotions as every natural human. Should we pity those in hell? This question rattles the minds of those who read Dante’s Inferno. In this vernacular poem Dante is both the author and the main character. He is taking a journey through hell guided by Virgil. Many have no idea why Dante wants to visit hell. However, many infer that Dante used this book as a form of revenge for the society of Florence, from which he was exiled in 1301.Also, he used this book as an attempt to exert more superiority over his enemies. Along the way, Dante emphasizes on all of the terrible sights of disfigured sinn ers, and giant monsters. His wild and imaginative tour taught him the full understanding of sin, and the consequences of these acts of wrongdoing. Dante experiences pity and compassion many times throughout the text. He pities the many sinners who have been placed in hell, and his friendship with Virgil aids his travels. These indisputable emotions both helped and hindered him during his time in hell.Hell itself is an intimidating, unknown, and violent place. All of those who sin and die on earth are welcomed by the devil to hell. The architecture of hell is not Calhoun 3 designed to promote pity and compassion. Dante learns through his excursion that pity is not the appropriate response to the sinners. All of the sinners are aware of their situation; they have chosen their sin and hell is the consequence for their actions. Those in hell do not need to feel emotions for each other, because they are all in the same position, and their conditions have no permanent means to improve.The re is no place in the typical hell for compassion. This negatively affects Dante because he is a naturally merciful human, which may explain why he is merely visiting hell, and not a permanent member of the community. Dante came upon this realization the hard way because many times in hell he was admonishes for showing empathy. When the citizens of hell noticed Dante’s common affiliation with these emotions they viewed him as weak. This concept reinforces that Dante was placed at a disadvantage in this moment in hell. In this situation, Dante saw one of his loves, Francesca.This romantic event obviously stirred him with both compassion and pity. â€Å"So that for pity I swooned as if in death. And down I fell as a dead body falls† (Dante V. 140-142). Dante’s implicit human instinct drove his emotions towards mercy for his poor lover. His previous mode of affection towards Francesca was no longer welcomed, and he now sympathized for his woman, and the preceding l ust that they shared. These feelings should prove Dante a sincere mortal, are inhibit him in this situation. By comparing himself to a falling dead body, this may further be setting him on a similar Calhoun 4 omparative ground as those in hell. Dante may not realize how much hell is having an internal affect on him. This quote also displays Dante’s capacity to feel compassion for others, and he is instantly vulnerable to the maniacal tendencies of the sinners. He needs the compassion, and reassurance that he will not join the sinners in this cold alternate world. It is inevitable to recognize that fact that because Dante pities those in hell, his own position of morality should be questioned. In order to pity the sinners, would you have to understand them?Or, at the least, be able to reason with their sins? Possibly it is merely the violent darkness, and impending deathly gloom that impulsively convinces Dante that these sinners are in need of condolence. He struggles with th ese pities, for it is difficult to have any sort of involvement with this society of hell. Dante’s strong sense of moral indignation makes it difficult for him to see the truth behind sin. However, it is these realizations that convince him that he belongs, or hopes to belong in heaven, instead of hell.Perhaps the answer for those sinners in hell is that they do not posses this widely acknowledged, and ordinarily accepted trait of compassion. After all, in the modern day basic relationships and families are built off of the trust that is ensured by a certain degree of compassion. The ability to pity shows an individual’s mental capacity of care. Isn’t Dante just being a nice guy by feeling bad for those burning in hell? Pity and compassion may occasionally hinder Dante’s chances and position in hell; however, without these vital emotions, Dante would not have made it through alive.Dante admits it for himself in Canto II, that the compassion he is given pr ovides him with the strength, Calhoun 5 and power, to continue on with his travel through hell. Here, compassion is a positive emotion because it provides companionship, and allows for understanding. In this situation, Dante exudes his fear of hell. Beatrice, his other lover, and Virgil both console him, and show him the necessary compassion to inspire him to continue his journey. â€Å"Such in my failing strength, did I become. And so much courage poured into my heart†¦ Your words have made my heart So eager for the journey† Dante II. 130-131, 136-137). Here pity and compassion serve as a motivation, and help Dante develop throughout his sojourn in hell. He uses the word â€Å"eager† to display how much a small act of compassion can almost rejuvenate Dante of fear. This quote explicitly displays the positive effects of empathy. Dante learns that when controlled, these emotions can show who the true sinners are. These relationships with others prove to Dante that he is not as alone as he primarily stated in the beginning of the canto. These extrapolations from the text can show that pity is transmittable, and malleable.The feelings may come and go, yet they arrive at a convenient time for Dante’s incentive to proceed. Dante’s relationship with Virgil is the epitome of an example of compassion as a contagion. Virgil is not originally accustomed to being around these emotions, and he quickly learns that for this journey, as well as most others in life, pity and compassion are necessary. When Virgil notices Dante’s merciful nature, he first admonishes him for these feelings, but by the end, Virgil is taking part in the sequence of empathy. Calhoun 6 â€Å"He looked with care upon the ruin, Took though, chose a plan of action,Then opened out his arms and took me in them† (Dante XXIV. 22-24). In this situation, Virgil was taking Dante through bridges, and climbing up cliffs. These are dangerous tasks in hell, and Virgi l recognized this, then quickly after involuntarily reaches to embrace Dante, satisfying his need for compassion. Primarily in the plot Virgil is only Dante’s teacher; however, by the end of the poem, Virgil serves as more of a paternal or lord-like figure. He sees Dante as an equal for enduring the difficult circumstances of hell, and developing a thickness against the sinners.Any form of compassion that Dante receives from Virgil mitigates his negative experiences, and establishes a necessary basis of trust between the two. This relationship pushes them both further on their journey, because they know that they are not alone. Dante learns from his acquaintances with pity that not everyone deserves it, and as the plot progresses, Dante develops a sort of strength, and begins to have immunity against the sore sights in hell. This illustrates that pity and compassion have positive potential to help an individual, and can shift depending on the affects or consequences of the em otion.Opposing the internal pities that Dante holds in the text, he also cannot help but pity himself. Perhaps, this may be a reflection or effect from the compassion that he sees being given to others. The theory that Dante pities himself as well as the sinners could prove to be one of Dante’s mental rationalizations for the creation of Inferno. His Calhoun 7 experiences with these feelings exhibit the circuitous cycle of pity and compassion. First, Dante pities himself for being exiled; his solution then is to write the Inferno. His pity then shifts to the sinners in hell, and for this he eventually receives compassion from Virgil.In the end, Dante reached a stage of revenge in which pity had been alienated. This cycle of pity takes control of Dante, and puts him in an inferior position to the others in hell, or to his fellow writers on earth. Dante sympathizes for himself because ultimately it is him who understands his own feelings of remorse from being exiled from his ho me. This proof of pity places Dante at an even more comparable human level, because the average individual in humanity finds it easy to take pity on themselves. If Dante had not been exiled†¦ would he have put all of his enemies in hell?Would Inferno have even been written in the first place? Pity and compassion are necessary emotions in Inferno, as well as in actual existence. Understanding this pathos of Dante and his relationships with Virgil shows the reader the extent to which pity and compassion can affect an individual. These overcoming feelings are natural, and they can both help and hinder depending on the situation. They should not be held back because they teach the essentials of truth and trust, and good and evil. The relationships developed from compassion assist us everyday, without them the human race would be alone.If it were not for the pity that Dante had for others, and himself, we would have not been exposed to the necessary connections towards developing th e Inferno. However, the larger question that should be considered is†¦ where would human existence be without these emotions of pity and compassion? Calhoun 8 Works Cited Dante, Alighieri, Robert Hollander, and Jean Hollander. Inferno. New York: Doubleday, 2000. Print. Luzzi, Joseph. â€Å"Poetry & Knowledge in Inferno: Dante's World Wide Web. † Dante Inferno Symposium. Bard College, Annandale-on-Hudson. Oct. -Nov. 2012. Lecture.

The Analysis of the Uk Supermarket and Tesco

The analysis of the UK supermarket and Tesco Introduction: The role of supermarket is becoming far more significantly in daily life. Consumers could see different kind of brands and variable goods. The role of the supermarket is tried to satisfy the consumers’ demands. Since the supermarket came out, the advantages such as low price and cost, much convenience made the supermarket develop quickly. As a consequence of the rapid development, the supermarket plays an important role in the retail industry. It not only saves large amounts of labor capital and operating cost, but improves the shopping environment.In this essay I will make a specific analysis of the UK supermarket system through economic theories. Firstly, I will analyse the situation of the UK supermarket via Five Forces Model (Michael Porter 1979). And then, I will select the largest supermarket in UK, Tesco, to analyse the strategy of this firm by using the value chain (Michael Porter 1985). Tesco is the largest Br itish retailer both by global and domestic market share. And it is the third largest retailer in the world followed the Wal-Mart and Carrefour.Tesco opens around 2,440 stores and employing more than 400,000 people. Tesco has entered into areas such as clothes, electronics, financial services, internet services and gas stations. Currently, the market share of the retailer in UK is more than 30 percent. As of March 2008, Tesco could be found in every postcode of the UK. Five forces analysis The aim of the five forces model illustrated by Michael Porter (1979) is to analyze an industry to determine that which forces can influence the industry strongly so that the firm could make the best position in this industry.And the five forces include: the threat of new entrants; the power of buyers; the power of suppliers; the threat of substitute products and the competitive rivalry among the existing companies. Threat of new entrants Firstly, the threat of new entrants is rather low. It is pre tty difficult for new entrants to enter the UK supermarket because of many barriers such as economies of scale, capital requirements of entry, cost advantages, differentiation, etc. There are many supermarkets in UK and the four largest Tesco, Sainsbury's, Asda and Morrison account for 75. percent of the UK supermarket in the 12 weeks ending 1 November 2009 (Wikipedia). For new entrants, it is difficult to occupy the market share of the UK supermarket in current structure. The first barrier is that small scale of supermarket could not create high margin. It is necessary for the entrants to consider the capital requirement according to the large scale of the operation. Many supermarket firms like Tesco and Asda have the cost advantages in supplication factor and other economic factors.It makes a large barrier for new firms to enter the market because of the disadvantages in cost requirement. Comparing the existing firms, the new enters need more cost and capital to establish the new brand and the access to marketing channels in order to attract the consumers. The existing supermarkets have built the famous brands, stable consumer groups and distribution channels. The strength of the brand name and channels could be a very powerful mean to build a barrier to entry. In order to keep the market stable, government also has the ability to establish a barrier.For instance, if the government can make a determination that how many supermarkets could be established in one region, as a result, the entrants will not be limited to build new facilities. And the new entrants may require many licenses from the government of other legal branches in order to operate. That is also a type of barrier for entry. The existing companies will make a specific analysis aim at the threat of the new entrants and then publish relevant measures to prevent the entrants to enter the supermarket system. There are so many barriers for new entrants to enter the supermarket system that the threat of them is rather low.Power of the buyer Secondly, the power of the buyer is not strong as well. People need their daily life products, so they must do shopping. For the large supermarkets, there are many factures influence the buyers’ selection such as the comfortable shopping environment, convenient transportation, free parking, etc. However, because of the homogeneity of these factors, what the consumers concern more is the price of the products. Different company makes different price strategy based on the respective position. Clubcard of Tesco is the company’s customer loyalty programme – the way of saying ‘thank you' to consumers.It is pretty popular that the number of active member increased over 15 million from 13 million at the start of 2008/9. Clubcard is a main reason for consumers who prefer the Tesco rather than other competitors. Power of the supplier Thirdly, the power of the supplier is also low. The majority of the products in different s upermarket are homogeneity. Many large firms like Tesco and Asda have the unified operating style and advanced purchase measures. So, there are many suppliers for the supermarkets to choose and purchase products.And because of the small retailers’ purchasing power is much lower than the supermarkets. At last, most of the products will be sent to the large supermarkets. Threat of the substitute Fourthly, the threat of the substitute is not high. As the substitute of the supermarkets, the small single retailers are pretty convenient for consumers. People could buy fresh seafood, vegetable and fruit from the respective markets instead of the supermarkets. And there are many advantages about the retailers, for instance, many small retailers are built near the residential areas, the range of products is pretty full.However, since the operating cost is high, if the retailers want to obtain margin, they have to make the price higher than the supermarket. But as the industry leader, there is no doubt that the Tesco Group would not give up the share of small retailer market. So the Tesco Express and One Stop came out. The Tesco Express stores are neighborhood convenience stores whose average size are about 200  m2, stocking mainly food with an emphasis on higher-margin products and everyday essentials. They are established in busy city centre districts, small shopping precincts in residential areas, small towns and illages. And the size of One Stop is much smaller than the Express. At the end of its 2010-2011 financial years, the number of the Tesco Express and One Stop were 1285 and 599(Wikipedia). Because of the famous brand of the Tesco, most people prefer to buy the daily products in the Express or One Stop. According to Datamonitor (2010), there are 960 Express stores which sell approximately 7,000 products and 170 Metro stores which sell a range of food products in villages and city centres.As a consequence of the brand and more types of products of the supermarket, the threat of the substitute is rather low for the supermarket. Competitive rivalry among the existing firms The last one is the competitive rivalry among the existing firms. And the threat of competitive rivalry is considered very high in the UK supermarket industry. The four largest supermarkets Tesco, ASDA, Sainsbury's and Morrisons account for 30. 5%, 16. 9%, 16. 3% and 12. 3% of the UK supermarket in the 12 weeks to 27 December 2009. (Wikipedia) And the market share of ASDA increases from to 16. % during the year 2010/ 09, meanwhile, Sainsbury’s share rises to 16. 3% and Morrison’s reaches 12. 3% from 11. 3%(Euromonitor, 2010). The competition of these firms is pretty strong in this industry in order to win the market share and the competition could make the market develop much faster. It is very significant for these firms to create many innovative measures to obtain more market share. Most products are homogeneity for consumers so that the seller sh ould pay more attention to the piece and quality of the products.Hence, based on the quality guarantee of the goods, firms try to occupy more market through the lower price and better services. By the analysis above, the threat of the competitive rivalry among the different firms is highly strong but other threats are not strong enough. So, the supermarkets in UK should figure out more effective measures to attract consumers in order to occupy the market. Value chain analysis The value chain was developed by Porter (1985) in order to analyze a firm to state the sources of competitive advantage. There are two activities including primary activities and support activities. The primary activities are those that concerned about physically creating the product or service and transferring it to the buyer, together with any necessary after sales service. The support activities are those activities that are necessary to ensure that the primary activities can be completed. The support activi ties can affect any one or more of the primary activities. † The primary includes inbound logistics, operations, outbound logistics, marketing and sales and service and the support activities includes firm infrastructure, human resource management, technology development and procurement.The first primary activity is the inbound logistics. It is considered that the inbound logistics includes receiving goods from suppliers, storing goods, transporting goods and taking goods to the shelves. Tesco uses the leading position as the key power to reduce the costs from the suppliers and keep the stable of consumers’ selection. Meanwhile, it also improves the efficiency and the distribution system. As well, the company provides more effective way to control and reduce the costs of damaged goods. As a result, it could avoid the extra costs be transferred to the consumers.It needs to think about its operation active. The firm could do many operations such as providing products and service and keeping the shelves full as the daily task. In order to gain more competitive advantages, it is necessary for the company to take a consideration about reducing the operating costs. Tesco makes full use of the intelligence technology (IT) system in order to make the company control the operative cost effectively. This firm has spent more than 76 million pounds on narrowing the operation time by the digital program by the 2010. And during the 2009, the profit of the Tesco was reached 550 million pounds.The measure of Tesco provides much convenience for staff to operate the service. Accompanied by the operation, they will have outbound logistics problems. It is concentrating on delivering the goods to the customer. Currently, Tesco adds the home delivery service. However, there are many methods need to be improved such as parking facilities, handcarts, staff and systems to get competitive advantage. If it could be implemented more effectively than other firms, it would mak e their consumers save more time. And the staff could make the facilities available and convenient for consumers to get quickly.Tesco has the leadership and effective outland logistics. The company has invented many measures to satisfy consumers’ demands like the small Express and one-step stores and fast door-to-door delivery service. It is very important to considering the marketing and sales. The next one is the marketing and sales. As the leading company, Tesco has its strategy to attach to consumers. The Tesco Clubcard is invented to attract more people to go shopping to Tesco instead of other competitors. Consumers who keep the cards can get much discounts and integration. Actually, advertisement is necessary as well.Tesco could attract more consumers by the advertisement via the television, radio and local newspaper. And they could get much information about the products and discounts. After selling, service becomes the most significant active. As the principle of fast and easy, when the consumers enter into the supermarket, the warm shopping environment may make them relaxed. Various sectors are responsible for their respective responsibilities; staffs provide the best personal service to consumers so that consumers can go shopping easily and comfortably. All of these reflect the intimate service for consumers. Here are the support activities.The procurement is the procedure of obtaining the various contributions to the primary activities. The key point of the firm infrastructure is planning, finance and controlling the system to improve the firm’s strategic ability. The company should focus on improving the establishment of the infrastructure so that consumers could go shopping more convenient. The human resource management includes recruitment management and staff development. The aim of the Tesco is to add differert types of schemes and develop the recruitment plan, then train more excellent staff to provide the best service for consum ers.The development of technology is a significant competitive advantage for a company. The advanced technological level could add higher brand value. Tesco is the first supermarket that invented the self-checkout in UK. And it provides great convenience to consumers. Conclusion: In this essay, I analyse the UK supermarket industry by using Five Forces (Michael Porter 1979) firstly. Through the analysis, it is clearly that the threat of new entrants, the power of buyers, the power of suppliers, the threat of substitute products are pretty low for UK supermarket industry.The firms in UK do not pay much attention to those threats above. The power of competitive rivalry among the existing companies is very strong. The competition among the existing supermarkets is rather drastic. All companies need to figure out effective strategies in order to prevent their consumers changing their brand selections. And secondly, I analyse the value chain (Michael Porter 1985) of Tesco. As the largest retailer in UK, Tesco has an excellent industrial chain for supply and demand. The primary activities could ensure the firm can gain more margins by perfect supply chain management, operation, sales and service. Read also: Reed Supermarkets: a New Wave of CompetitorsThe support activities like great human resource management, advanced IT system provide support to ensure the primary activities could be operated. With the excellent primary activities and support activities, Tesco obtains more than 30 percent market share in UK. Reference Porter, M E (1980) Competitive Strategy: techniques for analyzing industries and competitors (Free Press) Johnson, G and Scholes, K (2007) Exploring Corporate Strategy (Prentice Hall) Besanko, D Dranove, D Shanley, M and Scharfer, S (2007), Eonomics of Strategy (Wiley) Porter M E (1985) Competitive Advantage (Free Press) Tesco available at ttp://www. slideshare. net/j4g2r/tesco-presentation Growing the UK core available at http://ar2011. tescoplc. com/business-review/growing-the-uk-core. html â€Å"Tesco share turnaround (plus an update on grocery price inflation† available at TNS Global http://www. tnsglobal. com/news/news56F59E8A99C8428989E9BE66187D57 92. aspx Euromonitor (2010), ‘Industry Profile – Food retailing’, Euromonitor International, 2010 Tesco available at http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Tesco Tesco (2010), ‘Annual Report and Review 2010’, Tesco. Available at http://ar2010. tescoplc. com/en/downloads. aspx